French pronouns replace nouns and connect clauses. Their form and placement depend on their role in the sentence.
Subject pronouns
Learn the subject pronouns that identify who or what a French verb refers to.
GrammarDirect object pronouns
Direct object pronouns replace people or things connected directly to a verb.
GrammarIndirect object pronouns
Indirect object pronouns replace people connected to a verb through à.
GrammarObject pronoun placement
Learn where French object pronouns go with different verb constructions.
GrammarObject pronoun order
Learn the fixed order French follows when several object pronouns appear together.
GrammarPronouns *y* and *en*
Y and en replace places, things, and quantities without repeating the full phrase.
GrammarStressed pronouns
Stressed pronouns appear on their own, after prepositions, and when a person receives emphasis.
GrammarIndefinite pronouns for people, things, and groups
Indefinite pronouns refer to people, things, or quantities without identifying them precisely.
GrammarInterrogative pronouns for people, things, and choices
Interrogative pronouns ask about unknown people, things, and choices.
GrammarQuestions with *lequel*
Use lequel and its related forms to ask which person or thing someone means.
GrammarSubject and object relative pronouns
Use qui and que to connect nouns with relative clauses.
GrammarRelative pronouns *où* and *dont*
Use où for places and times and dont for relationships with de.
GrammarRelative pronouns after prepositions
Use qui and forms of lequel after prepositions in relative clauses.
GrammarRelative pronouns without a noun
Use ce qui, ce que, and related forms when no noun comes before the relative pronoun.
Grammar